Acoustic Fencing – The Most Common Questions

Frequent exposure to loud noise can have a significant impact on health and wellbeing. From increased stress levels and reduced concentration, to disrupted sleep, noise pollution affects residential, educational, and commercial environments.

The World Health Organisation recommends outdoor noise levels of around 50dB to prevent moderate annoyance. However, many everyday environments, particularly those near roads, railways, or industrial sites, regularly exceed this level.

For those looking to improve comfort in outdoor spaces, acoustic fencing offers an effective and long-term solution. Designed to reduce the transmission of sound, these barriers can help create quieter, more enjoyable environments.

In this guide, we explore how acoustic barriers work, what level of performance you can expect, and what to consider before installation.

What is acoustic fencing and how does it work?

Acoustic fencing is a specialist type of barrier designed to reduce the amount of sound travelling from one area to another. Unlike standard fencing, which is primarily designed for privacy or security, acoustic fencing is engineered specifically to control noise.

It works in two main ways:

Sound reflection: Dense materials reflect noise back towards its source rather than allowing it to pass through.

Sound absorption: Absorptive systems absorb sound energy, reducing echo and reverberation.

When installed correctly, an acoustic fence creates what is known as an ‘acoustic shadow’. This is the quieter area behind the barrier where direct sound waves are blocked or reduced. Learn more about how acoustic fencing works.

How much noise reduction can acoustic fencing provide?

The level of noise reduction varies depending on the design and installation of the fence, as well as environmental factors. For this reason, it is always best to consult a qualified acoustic engineer when planning a project.

Before specifying a solution, several factors should be assessed:

The type and volume of the noise source (e.g. traffic, machinery, voices)

The distance between the noise source and the area being protected

The height and position of the barrier

The topography and surroundings

In typical applications, acoustic fencing can reduce noise levels by around 9 to 15 dB. While this may sound modest, it represents a significant improvement. To the human ear, a reduction of this scale is perceived as roughly halving the noise level.

For example:

Road traffic at approximately 70 dB reduced to around 60 dB becomes far less intrusive

Conversations, background noise and general disturbance all feel noticeably quieter

Our independently tested acoustic barriers deliver noise reduction of up to 28dB for Jakoustic^® Reflective and up to 32dB for Jakoustic^® Absorptive.

It is important to clarify that no external fence can completely eliminate sound. The term ‘soundproof fencing’ is often used informally, but in reality, acoustic barriers are designed to reduce rather than eliminate noise.

How does acoustic fencing differ from standard fencing?

Although acoustic fencing, especially our timber acoustic barriers, may look similar to conventional fencing at first glance, the performance differences are considerable. These differences are the result of specific design and material requirements.

Surface mass

One of the most important factors in noise reduction is mass. Acoustic barriers require a minimum surface mass of 10kg per m² to effectively reflect sound. High quality systems often exceed this to deliver improved performance.

In comparison, many standard domestic fences provide significantly less mass, typically around 4kg per m², meaning sound can pass through with little resistance.

Solid, gap-free construction

Acoustic fencing must be completely solid, with no gaps or openings. Even small gaps can allow sound to travel through, reducing effectiveness.

Standard fencing, particularly decorative or slatted designs, often includes openings as part of its structure. While suitable for screening or boundary definition, these designs are not effective for noise control.

Longevity and performance assurance

Acoustic barriers are designed for long-term performance and should offer a lifespan of at least 20 years. When specifying a solution, it is important to check for a verified guarantee rather than just a desired service life, to ensure both durability and acoustic performance over time.

What factors influence the effectiveness of acoustic fencing?

To achieve the best possible results, several key factors must be considered during specification and installation.

1. Material density

Heavier materials improve sound reflection and reduce transmission. As a general rule, the greater the mass, the better the performance.

2. Barrier height

Height plays a crucial role in noise reduction. Taller barriers block more direct sound waves and create a larger acoustic shadow. Even a small increase in height can result in noticeable improvements.

3. Positioning

The placement of the barrier is equally important. For optimal performance, acoustic fencing should be positioned as close as possible to either:

The noise source

The area being protected

4. Distance and diffraction

Sound waves can bend around barriers, a phenomenon known as diffraction. This effect is more noticeable when the barrier is positioned midway between the noise source and the listener. Careful placement helps minimise this impact.

5. Relative height of source and receiver

The height of the noise source (for example, a road versus an elevated railway) will influence how sound travels. Lower noise sources are generally easier to shield effectively, as the barrier can block a greater proportion of the sound path.

Where is acoustic fencing typically used?

Acoustic fencing is widely used across a range of environments where noise reduction is a priority. Common applications include:

Residential properties near busy roads or railways

Schools and playgrounds requiring quieter outdoor spaces

Commercial and industrial sites to manage operational noise

Housing developments requiring mitigation for planning compliance

Public infrastructure projects such as highways

In each of these settings, acoustic fencing helps improve comfort, usability and overall environmental quality.

Is planning permission required?

In most cases, acoustic fencing is subject to the same planning rules as standard fencing.

As a general guide:

Fences over 1 metre high next to a highway will require planning permission

Fences over 2 metres high in other locations will also require permission

However, regulations can vary depending on location and context. For this reason, it is always advisable to consult your local authority before installing any new fencing.

Acoustic fencing provides a practical, reliable solution to managing noise in a wide range of environments. While it cannot completely eliminate sound, a well designed and properly installed barrier can make a substantial difference, improving comfort and quality of life.

By understanding the key factors that influence performance, and seeking expert advice where needed, you can ensure the most effective outcome for your project.

If you are exploring ways to reduce noise in your space, acoustic fencing is a proven approach worth considering. For more information or guidance on selecting the right solution, you can explore available options or speak to a specialist for tailored advice. 

Related content:

Based on the application and the purpose of the barrier, find out which is the best type of acoustic barrier for your project:

What is the best acoustic barrier?

Find out how to specify acoustic fencing:

How to specify acoustic fencing